{
  "story_id": "4da67f18adf944509130c697430076ab",
  "desk": "bad-news-beat",
  "revision": 1,
  "published_at": "2026-11-12T01:48:13.607Z",
  "content_hash": "90162b9f6f86aa577841b188b94ed648ebc6a1c97c1e697e40f4a5a74b89e5b2",
  "hash_basis": "sha256 over `headline\\ndek\\nprose`, plus `\\n` + the canonical citations JSON when any source is placed, plus `\\n#blog` for blogs",
  "basis": {
    "headline": "France blames Iran for hacking the freezers of about 700 grocery stores",
    "dek": "The attackers raised temperatures to spoil food, and at least 15 fires followed. A second wave reached blood banks and was stopped. Paris is seeking arrest warrants and sanctions.",
    "prose": "French authorities accused Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps of cyberattacks in October on the refrigeration systems of around 700 French grocery stores.[^1] The attacks caused extensive food losses and at least 15 fires.[^2]\n\nFrance has formally blamed Iran.[^3] Foreign minister Jean-Noël Barrot attributed the attacks to the Guard Corps.[^4] The attribution is France's. Iran had not publicly responded as of the evening of 9 November.[^5]\n\n## How it worked\n\nThe hackers raised the temperature on the cold units they had compromised, to spoil the food inside.[^6] The target was not data. It was the machines that keep a shop's stock cold.\n\n## The second wave\n\nAt least two waves of the attacks took place, across October and November.[^7] They reached medical blood banks. Those attacks were stopped before any blood was spoiled.[^8]\n\n## Who France names\n\nFrance attributed the attacks to a Guard Corps cyber unit called Shahid Kaveh.[^9] The same unit was previously linked to attacks on industrial controllers at water utilities in the United States.[^10]\n\nFrance's cybersecurity agency, ANSSI, identified the same hackers targeting Schneider Electric equipment at a hydroelectric facility.[^11]\n\n## The response\n\nThe Paris prosecutor's office opened a judicial investigation against the leadership of the unit.[^12] International arrest warrants were requested for the named suspects.[^13] An investigation is not a conviction.\n\nFrance summoned Iran's ambassador and will pursue European sanctions.[^14]\n\n## Who has not joined in\n\nThe United States has not made a formal public attribution of the freezer attacks to Iran.[^15]",
    "cited": "[{\"statement\":\"French authorities accused Iran's IRGC of October cyberattacks on around 700 French grocery store refrigeration systems.\",\"source\":\"therecord.media\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:0\",\"url\":\"https://therecord.media/france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks\"},{\"statement\":\"The refrigeration cyberattacks caused extensive food losses and at least 15 fires.\",\"source\":\"therecord.media\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:1\",\"url\":\"https://therecord.media/france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks\"},{\"statement\":\"France formally blamed Iran for cyberattacks targeting industrial refrigerated and freezer units across France and Europe.\",\"source\":\"techcrunch.com\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:page-html-235715:0\",\"url\":\"https://techcrunch.com/2026/11/09/france-blames-iran-for-mass-hacks-targeting-freezers-in-grocery-stores-and-blood-banks/\"},{\"statement\":\"French foreign minister Jean-Noël Barrot attributed the attacks to Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.\",\"source\":\"techcrunch.com\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:page-html-235715:4\",\"url\":\"https://techcrunch.com/2026/11/09/france-blames-iran-for-mass-hacks-targeting-freezers-in-grocery-stores-and-blood-banks/\"},{\"statement\":\"Iran had not publicly responded to France's allegations as of 2026-11-09 evening.\",\"source\":\"therecord.media\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:8\",\"url\":\"https://therecord.media/france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks\"},{\"statement\":\"Hackers raised temperatures on compromised cold units to spoil food at grocery stores.\",\"source\":\"techcrunch.com\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:page-html-235715:2\",\"url\":\"https://techcrunch.com/2026/11/09/france-blames-iran-for-mass-hacks-targeting-freezers-in-grocery-stores-and-blood-banks/\"},{\"statement\":\"At least two waves of these cyberattacks occurred across October and November 2026.\",\"source\":\"techcrunch.com\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:page-html-235715:1\",\"url\":\"https://techcrunch.com/2026/11/09/france-blames-iran-for-mass-hacks-targeting-freezers-in-grocery-stores-and-blood-banks/\"},{\"statement\":\"Cyberattacks on medical blood banks were stopped before blood was spoiled.\",\"source\":\"techcrunch.com\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:page-html-235715:3\",\"url\":\"https://techcrunch.com/2026/11/09/france-blames-iran-for-mass-hacks-targeting-freezers-in-grocery-stores-and-blood-banks/\"},{\"statement\":\"France attributed the attacks to IRGC cyber unit Shahid Kaveh.\",\"source\":\"therecord.media\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:2\",\"url\":\"https://therecord.media/france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks\"},{\"statement\":\"Shahid Kaveh was previously linked to attacks on United States water utility industrial controllers.\",\"source\":\"therecord.media\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:7\",\"url\":\"https://therecord.media/france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks\"},{\"statement\":\"ANSSI identified the same hackers targeting Schneider Electric hydroelectric facility equipment.\",\"source\":\"therecord.media\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:6\",\"url\":\"https://therecord.media/france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks\"},{\"statement\":\"Paris Prosecutor's Office opened a judicial investigation against Shahid Kaveh leadership.\",\"source\":\"therecord.media\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:4\",\"url\":\"https://therecord.media/france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks\"},{\"statement\":\"International arrest warrants were requested for the named Shahid Kaveh suspects.\",\"source\":\"therecord.media\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:5\",\"url\":\"https://therecord.media/france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks\"},{\"statement\":\"France summoned Iran's ambassador and will pursue European sanctions over the attacks.\",\"source\":\"therecord.media\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:3\",\"url\":\"https://therecord.media/france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks\"},{\"statement\":\"The United States has not made formal public attribution of the freezer cyberattacks to Iran.\",\"source\":\"techcrunch.com\",\"instrument\":\"\",\"claim_key\":\"doc:page-html-235715:7\",\"url\":\"https://techcrunch.com/2026/11/09/france-blames-iran-for-mass-hacks-targeting-freezers-in-grocery-stores-and-blood-banks/\"}]",
    "kind": "news"
  },
  "receipt_verify": "Ed25519 over the dot-joined string `slice_hash.cursor_from.cursor_to.view.view_version.row_count`; public_key and sig are base64url of the raw 32-byte key / 64-byte signature",
  "receipt": {
    "slice_hash": "08fba30e1ff955540d807e835466f552c9eebee07324c0dee771070d7747cde2",
    "cursor_from": "ingest:raw_newsroomfloor.stories:08fba30e1ff95554",
    "cursor_to": "ingest:raw_newsroomfloor.stories:08fba30e1ff95554",
    "view": "ingest:raw_newsroomfloor.stories",
    "view_version": "1",
    "row_count": 1,
    "hash_basis": "sha256 over the JSON array of {insertId, json} rows as received (normalized wire shape), computed before the BigQuery forward",
    "credits": 0.01,
    "price_per_100_rows_written": 1,
    "sig": "Qfs6an2cxPMnrEBWHxnSJU4EsgHR9pbZ3uCsicyx4mLIvzDZS_JfVFryHLaqKzSW8iaV9HLmHaqx5OaoYaLNCA",
    "public_key": "bMUigy8O0jOnBxQ4Sc-5lwhIZ8LQVAhxMbR7qESVuUE",
    "signer_path": "lakehouse/data-extract/v1",
    "alg": "Ed25519",
    "signed": true
  },
  "receipt_note": "the ingest door's signed receipt for this revision, verbatim as the door returned it",
  "generation_chain": "written by a human-directed session at the desk; the revision trail is that record",
  "cited_facts": [
    {
      "n": 1,
      "statement": "French authorities accused Iran's IRGC of October cyberattacks on around 700 French grocery store refrigeration systems.",
      "source": "therecord.media",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:0",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 2,
      "statement": "The refrigeration cyberattacks caused extensive food losses and at least 15 fires.",
      "source": "therecord.media",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:1",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 3,
      "statement": "France formally blamed Iran for cyberattacks targeting industrial refrigerated and freezer units across France and Europe.",
      "source": "techcrunch.com",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:page-html-235715:0",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 4,
      "statement": "French foreign minister Jean-Noël Barrot attributed the attacks to Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.",
      "source": "techcrunch.com",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:page-html-235715:4",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 5,
      "statement": "Iran had not publicly responded to France's allegations as of 2026-11-09 evening.",
      "source": "therecord.media",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:8",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 6,
      "statement": "Hackers raised temperatures on compromised cold units to spoil food at grocery stores.",
      "source": "techcrunch.com",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:page-html-235715:2",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 7,
      "statement": "At least two waves of these cyberattacks occurred across October and November 2026.",
      "source": "techcrunch.com",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:page-html-235715:1",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 8,
      "statement": "Cyberattacks on medical blood banks were stopped before blood was spoiled.",
      "source": "techcrunch.com",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:page-html-235715:3",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 9,
      "statement": "France attributed the attacks to IRGC cyber unit Shahid Kaveh.",
      "source": "therecord.media",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:2",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 10,
      "statement": "Shahid Kaveh was previously linked to attacks on United States water utility industrial controllers.",
      "source": "therecord.media",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:7",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 11,
      "statement": "ANSSI identified the same hackers targeting Schneider Electric hydroelectric facility equipment.",
      "source": "therecord.media",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:6",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 12,
      "statement": "Paris Prosecutor's Office opened a judicial investigation against Shahid Kaveh leadership.",
      "source": "therecord.media",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:4",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 13,
      "statement": "International arrest warrants were requested for the named Shahid Kaveh suspects.",
      "source": "therecord.media",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:5",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 14,
      "statement": "France summoned Iran's ambassador and will pursue European sanctions over the attacks.",
      "source": "therecord.media",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:france-blames-iran-for-fridge-cyberattacks-html-86873:3",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    },
    {
      "n": 15,
      "statement": "The United States has not made formal public attribution of the freezer cyberattacks to Iran.",
      "source": "techcrunch.com",
      "instrument": "",
      "claim_key": "doc:page-html-235715:7",
      "occurred_at": null,
      "published_at": null
    }
  ],
  "note": "A signature proves who filed this and that it has not changed since. It never makes a claim true. The dates on cited_facts (occurred_at, published_at) are the forge's, joined at read time; they are not part of the signed basis above."
}