Around 6,300 schools in Italy received identical hoax bomb threat emails.^[1] Hundreds of schools in Ireland and the United Kingdom received threatening emails too.^[2] No explosives or suspicious devices were found at any of the schools.^[3] Two numbers for Italy The reports carry two Italian figures that measure different things. About 6,300 schools received the message. At least 300 were confirmed affected.^[4] RTÉ put the Italian figure at 312 schools on 11 November.^[5] Schools across Italy were evacuated.^[6] The email The email was reportedly signed by a Mikhail Andropov.^[7] It included a threat against Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni.^[8] Meloni said there was no concrete danger to Italian schools.^[9] A meeting of government ministers was convened.^[10] Ireland and the United Kingdom In Ireland the emails went to schools in Dublin, Cork and Wicklow.^[11] Gardaí received several hundred calls from schools.^[12] They assessed the emails as not credible.^[13] The Minister for Education said schools did not need to evacuate.^[14] Some schools evacuated pupils or ran precautionary searches anyway.^[15] In Northern Ireland, 300 schools reported receiving the emails.^[16] Police there are treating them as a hoax.^[17] Police Scotland is working to trace the source of the messages.^[18] A pattern This was the third wave of bomb threats against Italian schools in a month.^[19] Less than a week earlier, more than 20 European flights received fake bomb threats.^[20] The threats raised concern about hybrid warfare tactics aimed at Europe.^[21] That is a concern, not a finding. Authorities had not assigned blame.^[22] Investigations are under way.^[23]